Code is compiled for free on GitHub Actions (about 15 s – 2 min per build), or on a compile server you host (seconds).
Create a fine-grained token: Repository access → Only select repositories → that repository; Permissions → Actions and Contents: Read and write. The token is stored only in this browser. Other people: fork the repo and use your fork.
Find FQBNs with arduino-cli board listall or in the core's boards.txt. Custom boards compile on GitHub Actions; the core is installed and cached on first use.
arduino-cli board listall
boards.txt